Pattani is an east-coast province in the south, adjacent to the Gulf of Thailand, with the area of approximately 1,940 square kilometres. There are two major rivers: Tani and Sai Buri. Being a civilized town in the past, the present Pattani still maintains some ruined ancient town in Amphoe Yarang. Due to its mountainous area and long seashore of about 170 kilometres, Pattani has been an important port and the centre of the administration, trading, and culture. There are several tourism resources of nature, historical ancient places, and traditional culture which have been the integration of Thai, Chinese and Islam.

Pattani is administratively divided into 12 Amphoe: Muang Pattani, Yarang, Nong Chik, Khok Pho, Yaring, Panare, Mayo, Sai Buri, Kapho, Mai Kaen, Thung Yang Daeng, and Mae Lan.

Boundary
North: Songkhla
South: Narathiwat and Yala
West: Yala and Songkhla
East: Gulf of Thailand.

Distance from Amphoe Muang to Other Districts:

Nong Chik 8 kilometres
Yaring 14 kilometres
Yarang 15 kilometres
Khok Pho 26 kilometres
Mayo 29 kilometres
Panare 43 kilometres
Amphoe Sai Buri 50 kilometres
Thung Yang Daeng 45 kilometres
Mae Lan 30 kilometres
Mai Kaen 65 kilometres
Kapho 68 kilometres

Distance from Pattani to nearby provinces:

Yala 35 kilometres
Narathiwat 92 kilometres
Songkhla 99 kilometres