According to historical chronicles of Muang Yasothon, in 1797, Phra Chao Voravongsa, and his followers migrated and selected to establish a new settlement at Dong Phi Singh. It was later named Ban Ta Singh (Muang Ta Singh). In 1814, King Rama II upgraded the settlement into a town and the rank of Phra Rachavongsa was given to the governor. Considered the nation’s smallest province, it gained its autonomy in 1972 after separating from the large province of Ubon Ratchathani. The province is well known for its high-quality jasmine rice and for the annual, colorful Rocket Festival.

Yasothon has an area of 4,161 square kilometres. It is divided into the following districts: Muang, Kham Khuean Kaeo, Maha Chana Chai, Pa Tio, Loeng Nok Tha, Kut Chum, Kho Wang, Sai Mun and Thai Charoen.